Common Dental Problems

Sensitive Teeth

Having sensitive teeth can mean anything from getting mild twinge to having severe discomfort that can continue for several hours.  It can also be an early warning sign of more serious dental problems.

What can cause sensitive teeth?
The part of the tooth we see is covered by a layer of enamel that protects the softer dentine underneath.  If the dentine is exposed, a tooth can become sensitive.  This usually happens where the tooth and the gum meet and the enamel layer is much thinner.


Causes include:

• Toothbrush abrasion - brushing too hard, and brushing from side to side, can cause the dentine to be worn away, particularly where the teeth meet the gums.
• Dental erosion - the loss of enamel caused by attacks of acid from acidic food and drinks.  
• Gum recession - gums may naturally recede (shrink back) and the roots will become exposed and can be more sensitive.
• Gum disease - a build up of plaque or tartar can cause the gum to recede down the tooth and even destroy the bony support of the tooth.  Pockets can form in the gums around the tooth, making the area difficult to keep clean and the problem worse.
• Tooth grinding - this is a habit which involves clenching and grinding the teeth together.  This can cause the enamel of the teeth to be worn away.
• A cracked tooth or filling - a cracked tooth is one that has become broken.  A crack can run from the biting surface of a tooth down towards the root.  Extreme temperatures, especially cold, may cause discomfort.
• Tooth whitening - some patients have sensitivity for a short time during or after having their teeth whitened.

What treatment can the dentist offer?

During an examination the dentist will take to you about your symptoms.  They will look at your teeth to find out what is causing the sensitivity and to find the best way of treating it. The dentist may treat the affected teeth with special de-sensitising products to help relieve the symptoms.
Fluoride gels, rinses or varnishes can be applied to sensitive teeth.  these can be painted onto the teeth at regular appointments on or two weeks apart, to build up some protection.  Sensitivity can take some time to settle, and you may need to have several appointment.  If this still does not help, your dentist may seal or fill around the neck of the tooth, where the tooth and gum meet, to cover exposed dentine.  In very serious cases it may be necessary to root til the tooth.

How can I prevent  sensitive teeth?

• brush your teeth twice a day for two minutes with fluoride toothpaste.  Use small circular movements with a medium bristled brush.  try to avoid brushing your teeth from side to side.
• Change your toothbrush every two to three months
• Have sugary foods, and fizzy and acidic drinks less often.  Try to have them only at mealtimes.
• If you grind your teeth, talk to your dentist about the possibility of having a mouth guard made to wear at night.
• If you are thinking about having your teeth whitened, discuss sensitivity with your dentist.
• Visit your dentist at least once a year for a dental health assessment.